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High risk

Updated

Roof Tiles Blown Off In High Wind

A named storm or a gusty night has stripped tiles or slates off the roof and left bare underlay showing.

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Roofing work, illustrative image

What's happening?

Wind does not push tiles off a roof; it lifts them. Air accelerating over the ridge and around the gable creates suction on the outer face of the covering, strongest at the edges — ridge, eaves, verge and hips. BS 5534 sets out how many tiles must be mechanically fixed for a given site exposure, pitch and building height, and it was strengthened precisely because relying on tile weight and mortar was failing in UK storms. Roofs laid to older practice, or laid to the standard but with the perimeter fixings skipped, are the ones that shed tiles. Once one tile goes the ones around it lose their lap and the failure spreads downwind.

What usually causes it?

  • Insufficient mechanical fixing at the perimeter — verge, eaves, ridge and hip courses left unclipped where BS 5534 requires them fixed
  • Site exposure worse than the roof was designed for: coastal, hilltop, or a house that lost the shelter of a neighbouring building or mature trees
  • Mortar-bedded verges and ridges relied on as the only fixing, with the mortar now cracked and no clip or screw behind it
  • Corroded nails across the whole slope, so tiles were already only held by their own weight
  • A single missing tile from an earlier storm opening the lap and letting wind under the course above
  • Battens too thin, split, or fixed with too few nails to hold clips under uplift
  • Dry-fix components fitted without their clips or with the wrong length screws

Is it dangerous?

Yes, and on two counts. Tiles already on the ground and tiles still hanging half off are both falling hazards — clear the area below, move cars, and keep people away from the elevation until it is checked. The roof is now open, so the second risk is the building: exposed underlay under continuing wind and rain tears, and water gets into the loft, the insulation and eventually the ceilings. If tiles have come off, treat the roof surface as unsafe and do not send anyone up without proper access. Never go onto a roof during or immediately after a storm.

Can I fix it myself?

Secure the ground, not the roof. Cordon off the area beneath, move vehicles, and collect fallen tiles only if it is safe to walk there — keep them, because matching a discontinued tile is easier with a sample. Photograph everything from the ground including the fallen tiles and the bare patch; date-stamped photos are what an insurer wants. In the loft, move stored items clear and put a container under any active drip, but do not pull at wet insulation. Do not attempt a tarpaulin yourself; sheeting a roof in wind is a specialist job and the sheet itself becomes a sail.

When should you call a roofer?

Call a roofer the same day. This is one of the few roofing faults that genuinely does not wait, because the underlay is now the only barrier and it will not hold for long under continuing weather. Ask for temporary weatherproofing if a permanent repair cannot be done immediately. Call your insurer in parallel and ask whether they want to appoint their own contractor before you instruct one, since some policies require that.

What will the roofer actually do?

  • Make the roof safe first — remove or secure tiles hanging loose that could fall, and sheet the open area if the permanent repair cannot happen that day
  • Establish how far the damage extends by hand-checking the courses around the hole, because wind damage is always wider than the visible gap
  • Source matching tiles or slates, using a salvage supplier where the profile is no longer made, then re-lay the covering with the mechanical fixings and clips specified for your site exposure and pitch under BS 5534 rather than just the original fixing pattern
  • Repair or replace torn underlay and any split battens rather than laying new tiles over damaged substrate
  • Check and re-fix the ridge, hip and verge, since these are where uplift starts and where the original shortcut usually was
  • Provide a written report and photographs suitable for an insurance claim

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